Search results for "D expenditure"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
The environmental Kuznets curve within European countries and sectors: greenhouse emission, production function and technology
2018
Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and the technological change and the environment literature, our original contribution consists in analysing within the decomposition model the direct and indirect influence of technological change as well as the energy mix on CO2 emissions. Focusing on the dirtiest sectors of 25 EU countries in the period 1997-2005 and considering the endogeneity issue, we estimate an adjusted EKC relationship comparing a single equation model (univariate model) with a simultaneous equations system (bivariate model). Following Lopez (J Environ Econ Manag 27:163-184, 1994), a second equation is introduced where per capita income is a positive functio…
Household Expenditures and the Status of Children: An Analysis of the Italian Case
2022
Several factors influence consumption choices, which are not all related to the economic dimension. In this paper, we analyze Italian household consumption depending on family characteristics, such as the parents’ working status, their level of education, and the status of children (aged 21 through 30) as students, workers, or NEETs. We rely upon household consumption microdata and apply the «budgetary unit» concept to investigate preferential patterns of family consumption depending on the aforementioned characteristics. In particular, we are interested in understanding whether and how the status of children shapes the consumption patterns of the family unit. We analyze secondary data coll…
Measuring the Regional Incidence of Taxes and Public Expenditure: The Available Methodology and its Limitations
2014
This article reviews the basic methodology used to estimate the regional incidence of taxes and public expenditure, which we call the fiscal incidence approach, and compares it with the cash flow approach, which measures tax revenues and expenditures in terms of the associated monetary cash flows. In this context, it considers critically the particular version of the cash flow approach used in Spain. The article also looks at the different ways in which economists have tried to decompose fiscal balances into a structural or distributive component and a cyclical component, and critically reviews present practices.
Hill Runner's Physiology, Performance and Nutrition: A Descriptive Study.
2021
Objectives: The aim of this descriptive study was to characterise anthropometric variables, aerobic capacity, running performance and energy intake and expenditure of hill runners in free-living conditions, and to investigate the relationship between age, anthropometric variables, aerobic capacity and running performance.Methods: Twenty-eight hill runners participated in this study (17 males and 11 females; aged 18–65 years). Body fat percentage estimate, sum of eight skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, biceps, iliac crest, supraspinale, abdominal, front thigh and medial calf) and maximal oxygen capacity (VO2max) were assessed in a laboratory setting. Participants also completed a timed hill r…
Inequality of Spanish household expenditure for the 2006-2016 period- are we converging?
2019
The depth and persistence of the Great Recession that started in 2008 had a considerable impact on income distribution and inequality. Therefore, studies of living standards and evolution of income inequality are trend topics nowadays. Our goal was to estimate the impact of the economic crises on household expenditure and the trends and evolution of regional inequality. We applied our analysis to the Spanish case based on Household Budget Survey data from Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE, the National Statistics Institute) and the period of eleven years between 2006 and 2016. A model that showed good results in modelling income was the biparametric gamma model, which is further very u…
Distorsioni nel ricordo della spesa dei turisti: alcune evidenze empiriche
2012
The paper presents some remarks about the distortion of survey data that occurs when tourists are asked to recall the amount of their expenditure for the holiday. The difference between the concepts of perceived expenditure and reminded expenditure is stressed through a review of the relevant literature. An econometric analysis of PRIN 2007 survey data is then presented, with the aim of estimating the personal characteristics of the respondents that are most likely to do errors in remembering their expenditure.